A cb anntenna will receive some signal, but its not ideal. The lengths of a whip anntenna are a specific length that is matched to the wavelength of the middle frequency of the band it's designed to receive.
A full length whip for the FM band is about 0.8meters I think (I'm sure Wikipedia will give you the exact measurement). The alternative is a half length (40 cm) whip fitted onto a large flat ground plane (flat horizontal body panel, such as the roof or wing).
A cb antenna is longer than an FM antenna, because it is matched to the middle of the cb frequency band. It will give you some signal for your radio, but the reception won't be as good as a proper FM length anntenna would provide.
Hopefully any anntenna will be pre wired. But failing that, I think the standard for car radios is a 50ohm coax. Wired from the antenna to the connector on the back of the radio.
You should use coax all the ay back to the radio, and not just a signal wire, because the coax phase an earth shield around the signal wire to minimise interference and therefore give a better reception.